E nānā i ka Cuisine o nā moku'āinaʻo Basqueʻekolu
Hōʻike
ʻO ka Basque Country -ʻo ia hoʻiʻo Pais Vasco ma ka'ōlelo Pelekānia -ʻo ia kekahi o 17 Comunidades Autónomas o Sepania, aʻo "nā kaiāulu kūpono." Aia ma Sepania ma ka'ākau, ma kaʻaoʻao o Farani a me ke Kaiʻoka. Aia i ka hema ke kahawai o La Rioja, i ke komohana Cantabria a me Castilla a Leon, a me Navarra hikina. ʻO kēia māhele mauna nui e pili ana i nā Mountains Basque, nā Cantabrian Mountains a me nā Mauna Pyrenees.
ʻO ka poʻe basque kahi moʻomeheu kahiko, ma mua o ka nohoʻana o ka Mō'ī Pākīpika aʻo nā mea kākau moʻolelo nō naʻe he nui nā nīnau e pili ana i ko lākou pilina, a me kā lākou'ōlelo Euskera . No ke alakaʻiʻana i Geography kahiʻike maikaʻi loa o ka'āina a me ka lāhui mua loa o'Europa ma kaʻatikala, Basque Country, A Geographic and Anthropologic Enigma.
Ka Moʻaukala o ka Cuisine
E like me ka kaulana o ka honua i kēia manawa eʻai nei ka mea Basque i kēia lā,ʻo nā malihini i ka Country Basque i ka Middle Ages i pena i kekahi kiʻi'ē aʻe. Uaʻilihune ka poʻe. ʻAʻoheʻai kaʻai a me ka palaoa, aʻai lākou i ka millet, nā lelo, ka beana a me ka hua. ʻOiaiʻo ka Basque e mahi mau ana ma kahakai,ʻaʻole ia a hiki i ka hōʻeaʻana mai o Norse i ka XI makahiki, aʻo ka hoʻomanaʻana i nā iʻa, ua nui ka iʻa e pau, a ua ulu kaʻoihana lawaiʻa.
Me kaʻikeʻana oʻAmelika, hele ka poʻe Basques i ka honua hou, e pakele i ke ola o ka pōʻino a me kaʻai pūʻana me lākou.
Me keʻano o ka meaʻai o ka meaʻai ma waena o kaʻaina, ka palaoa, nā pepa, nā pīni, nā'ōmato a me nā uala i hoʻohuiʻia i loko o ka kī Basque. I ke kenekulia XIX, ua kōkua ka Industrial Revolution e hāpai i ka nohona ola ma ka'āina Basque. Ua hoʻolimalima ka Basque bourgeoisie hou i nā kuhina o Farani, a ma ka hanaʻana pēlā ua hoʻokomo ka hua'ōlelo Farani i kā lākou meaʻai.
I ka wā o Franco pule, ua lilo ka mea Basque i ka mea i kapaʻia e kekahi he "stale." Eia naʻe, ma hope o ka makeʻana o Francisco Franco i ka makahiki 1975, ua hānauʻia kekahi hanana hou -ʻo Nueva Cocina Vasca (New Basque Cuisine). Ma ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā mea kahiko, nā haku kuhi i hana i nā mea hou a me nā mea hou. I loko o nā makahiki he 25 e hiki mai ana, ua hoʻomaka nā kuhina Paniolo mua e hoʻokumu i kahi meaʻai Spanish, ho'āʻo me nāʻano hou, a ua hānauʻia ka hua'ōlelo "gastronomy molecular". I kēia mau lā, e hoʻomau i ka'āina Basque a me nā 'kēpau i ka hauʻoli i ka honua no kā lākou kukeʻana.
Nā kākoʻo, Gastronics Societies
Heʻano male kāne male kāne ka wahine i ka'āina Basque. Wahi a Harald Kocker ma ka puke Culinaria Sepania, ua hoʻokumuʻia ka mua txoko i ka makahiki 1843 ma San Sebastian. Hui pinepine nā lālā o kēia mau hui i ka hoʻomākaukauʻana i nā meaʻai, eʻai, inu, hoʻomaha a me ka nohona. Loaʻa i ko lākou wahi pono'ī me ka lumi kuke, kaʻaina a me ka lumiʻaina. ʻOiaiʻo kēia mau kaiāulu no nā kāne wale nō, aʻo nā wāhine wale nō i konoʻia i ka wā o kekahi mau hoʻohanohano, uaʻae maikaʻiʻia nā wāhine i loko o ka lehulehu, akā,ʻaʻoleʻo nāʻahahui a pau.
- Pūnaewele Pūnaewele o nā TXokos a me Gastronomic Nā Lokomaikaʻi (i ka'ōlelo Sepania wale nō)
ʻO nā meaʻai o nā mokuʻekolu o Basque
ʻO nā mokuʻekolu o ka'āina Basque -'Alava, Guipúzcoa aʻo Vizcaya he mauʻanoʻaila likeʻole.
ʻO kēia kekahi mahele o ke kumu honua o ka'āina Basque, kahi e likeʻole ai kaʻokoʻa ma waena o nā kapakai ākea me nā mauna.
ʻO'Alava kaʻaoʻao hema loa o Basque Country a heʻano anuanu. Ke holo nei nā mauna, nā awāwa nui a me nā muliwai ma'Alava, akā,ʻaʻohe ona kahakai. Ma muli o ka "paʻa'āina",ʻai nui nā kānaka i ka pipi, ka mea puhi a me ka pāʻani, e like me ka partridge a me ka hau. Hiki nō hoʻi iā lākou keʻoliʻoli i nā perretxikos (kahiʻano o ka mea momona), ka hoʻopunipuni a me nā puaʻa. ʻO ka pīpī, ka pī a me nā halo mai ka wahi mai iʻike nuiʻia no ko lākouʻano maikaʻi.
ʻO kekahi mauʻano pāʻani o'Alava, he mau meaʻono no artichokes, patatas viudas kaʻuala i mīpalaʻia i ka palaoa a me ka palani, a laila lawelaweʻia i ka lole; ʻO Llodio ka puddingʻeleʻele, nā kīmele koko i hoʻokaheʻia i hanaʻia me nā huaʻai a me kahi laiki liʻiliʻi, Goxua , me kaʻaila liqueur i hoʻomoʻaʻia me ka meaʻalani a me ka meli melemele.
He wahi waina kekahiʻo'Alava. aia ka Rioja Alavesa he wahi'āpana o ka'āina waina kaulana o Rioja, a he 21% ka nui o ka Rioja Qualified DO.
ʻO Vizcaya ("Bizcaia" ma Basque) heʻano maloʻi aʻoi aku ma kahi o 80km o ka kahakai ma ke Kai Cantabric. Kapaʻiaʻo iaʻo "Capital of Bacalao" aiʻole ka helu paʻakai, he mea maʻamau aʻo Vizcayans he mau haneli no nā bacalao . He nui nā iʻa hou a me nā iʻa mai ka moana Cantabrication, e like me ke koʻi pēpē, sardines, anchovies, hake (merluza), ke kohu (besugo) a me nā kī kī, a me nā meaʻai e like me ka mea momona a me ka puaʻa. ʻO kekahi o nāʻano kūikawā mai Vizcaya mai:
- Cod a la Vizcaina - Bacalao a la Vizcaína
- Cod ma kahi Pil Pil Pil Sau - Bacalao al pil pil
- Clams in Green Sauce - Almejas en Salsa Verde
- Hoʻokumuʻo ia i kāna 'Ink - Chipirones en su Tinta
- Hake in Green Sauce - Merluza en Salsa Verde
- ʻO kahi houʻo Tuna Stew - Marmitako
- ʻO ka puaʻa me ka Idiazabal Cheese Sauce - Solomillo de cerdo with salsa de queso Idiazábal
- Ka Pāʻani-I Hoʻohuiʻia nā Tubes o Bilbao- Canutillos de Bilbao
ʻO Guipúzcoa ka moku'ākau loa o ka moku Basque, kahi kokoke i 90km o ke kahakai ma ka MoanaʻAkelanika, e pili ana i Farani. Heʻuʻuku loa ia, a he mahele āpau - nā mauna a me nā kapakai, nā kūlanakauhale nui a me nā kauhale, kaʻoihana a me nāʻoihana mahiʻai. Kūleʻa ka lewa, me nā kauwela wela, a me nā puʻu ua. Uaʻikeʻia ke kuke o Guipúzcoa i ka honua, a pēlā pū nō hoʻi kāna mau poʻo, e like me nā mea hou o Juan Mari Arzak, Martín Berasategui a me Pedro Subijana mai San Sebastián.
ʻO San Sebastián (Donostia ma Basque) ke kūlanakauhale nui, a uaʻikeʻia no ka nui o nā koʻa kapu kiʻekiʻe. Ma waho aʻe o ka loaʻaʻana o hoʻokahi mauʻaka tapasʻoi aku ma ke kūlanakauhale, ua nui kaʻaiʻana o San Sebastián me nā hōkū Michelina ma ka mile kaulike ma mua o kekahi kūlanakauhale'ē aʻe, koe naʻeʻo Pali.
ʻO kekahi o nā mea nui o Guipúzcoa:ʻo nā pēpē pēpē, nā pīnoa nui me nā pea pēpē a me nā'aleʻa puna, Txangurro a la Donostiarra - ka pīpoki spider crab a me Atun eguna - salmon mai ka muliwaiʻo Bidasoa.