Ka waina Mai Burgundy ma Farani

Hoʻokumuʻia ka waina waina Burgundy ma luna o nā hua wainaʻelua,ʻo Chardonnay a me Pinot Noir, me nā māla waina e hoʻokani ana i keʻano koʻikoʻi ma ka manaʻo o ka waina. ʻO ka'āina waina nui loa o Burgundy ("Bourgogne" ma ka'ōlelo Pelekane a ma luna o nā lepili momona, ua kapaʻia " Bor-gun-yuh ") i ke alohaʻana i nā oenophiles no nā kenekulia. Ma kaʻaoʻao o ke kahawaiʻo Saone ma ka'ākau hikina o Farani,ʻo Burgundy kahi i 100 mau mile mai ke poʻo (kokoke i ke kūlanakauhaleʻo Dijon) a hiki i lalo (ma ka'ākau o Lyon), kahi kokoke i ka 193 miliona mauʻeke i kēlā me kēia makahiki mai 68,000 mauʻeka mai. ʻo ka waina i loko o ka'āina kaulana kaulana o nā'āina.

ʻOiai nā manawa maʻamauʻole o ka'ōnaehana, nā mea nui pūnaewele hanana a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hikiʻana o ka honua holoʻokoʻa,ʻo ia hoʻi ka Burgundy.

ʻO Burgundy kahi e pili ana i kahi. E like me ka nui o nā waina waina Palani ,ʻo ka inoa i kapaʻia ma mua o nā inoa waina. ʻO nā inoa o nā inoa, nā kaiāulu a me nā wahi (ka waina) e hoʻomalu i ka inoa waina waina Bourgogne , me ka liʻiliʻiʻole i ka inoa inoa o nā hua waina i loko. ʻOiaiʻo nā inoa o nā mea huahana, nā mea maʻamau, a me nā'āpana'āina i nā inoa o ka momona e hiki ke hoʻopilikiaʻia no ka poʻe'ōleloʻole Farani, e hoʻomanaʻo i kā Burgundy kūkuluʻia ma luna o nā hua waina: Chardonnay a me Pinot Noir .

ʻO ka Burgundy Wine Nā Helu:

ʻO ka waina waina o Burgundy ua emi iho i 61% waina waina keʻokeʻo, 30%ʻulaʻula, a me 8% Cremant de Burgundia (nā meaʻono me nā meaʻono e like me Champagne ). Ua'ōlelo ke kānāwai AOCʻo nā Burgundy keʻokeʻo (aka "Bourgogne Blanc") e hanaʻia mai ka hua wainaʻo Chardonnay a pēlā nō nā Burgundyʻulaʻula (aka "Bourgogne Rouge") i hanaʻia mai ka māla waina Pinot Noir.

Hoʻopili ka mea liʻiliʻi i nā mea liʻiliʻi i ke kai o Chardonnay (e koi ana i 46% o nā waina o Burgundy) a me Pinot Noir (e pihi ana i 36% o nā mahi kanu waina). ʻO kēia mau mea hōʻoia he Aligote (ʻo ka waina waina maikaʻi ma hope loa ma Burgundy i 6%), Gamay (kahi pahu wainaʻeleʻele 11% o nā māla o nā māla) a me Sauvignon, Pinot Blanc a me Pinot Beurot no ka liʻiliʻi o 1%.

Nā Regina waina o Burgundy:

ʻOiaiʻo Burgundy iʻoi aku keʻano liʻiliʻi i ka nui, keʻole i ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana i kona hoalauna kūlike, Bordeaux, ka hopena o ka'āina, ka hopena, a me ka nui o ka waiwai ma ka waina waina ma waena o ka honua. Hiki ke paʻiʻiaʻo Burgundy i loko o elima mau'āpana ulu a mahele paha i nā moku: Chabid, Côte Chalonnaise, Melekana, Côte de Nuits a me Côte de Beaune. ʻO kēia mau hopeʻelua,ʻo Côte de Nuits a me Côte de Beaune, ua kapaʻiaʻo iaʻo ka Côte d'Or kaulana,ʻo ia hoʻi he "pali gula" no ka lālā lau o ka'āina, aʻo ia ka moku waina kaulana loa o Burgundy. Ke mālama nei nā waina o Burgundy i ka hanohano kaulana no ka hāʻawiʻana i ka leo koʻikoʻi i kahi kūlana weliweli weliweli o ka'āina. He mea maʻalahi, maʻalahi, paʻakikī, hoʻolālā honua, a hoʻopihaʻia me ka momona, hoʻomau mau ka waina o Burgundy i kaʻoihana hanohano a mahalo loa no Chardonnay a me Pinot Noir ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

ʻO Chablis : Ka mea kaulana loa no Chardonnay kahi maloʻo, kolekole, iwi maloʻo,ʻo ko Northern Burgundy ka hapanui'ākau o Chablis ka waina waina keʻokeʻo, ka mahiʻana i nā māla Chardonnay ma nā hale lepo momona. ʻO nā waina i'ōlelo pinepineʻia e like me "Chablis" ma ka honua āpau a ma kahi'āina paha e like me "Beaunois" he hua Burgundian no Chardonnay.

ʻO ko Chabid 'Grand Cru vineyards e hōʻuluʻulu ana ma ka lae o ka muliwaiʻo Serein,ʻoiaiʻo nā māla waina mua o ke kuhina nui e'ākoakoa ma kaʻaoʻao hema ma mua o ka hema a ua paʻaʻia i loko o ka'āina keʻokeʻo kaulana o Kimmeridgian. Pono e hoʻomaopopoʻia ka hoʻohālikeʻana o ka waina waina o Chablis i ke koena o Burgundy e pili ana i ka inoa o Cru Cru, Premier Cru, a me ka Village (Chablis) me Petit Chabid i hoʻohuiʻia i ka laikini inoa e like me ke kumu kūʻai maikaʻi.

ʻO Chatenalani Kūlana : No ka ikaika o Burtundy a me ka waina'āpana'āina,ʻo Cremant de Bourgogne,ʻo ia ke holo mau ma waena o Burgundy ma kaʻaoʻao o ke kahawaiʻo Saone. E nānā i nā inoa kaiaulu o Mercurey a me Givry ma nā inoa a me nā mea hana e like me Domaine Jabot, Louis Latour, a me ka hana.

Mânonnais : Ua noʻonoʻo maikaʻiʻia no ka hāʻawiʻana i kahiʻoihana maikaʻi loa o ka'āinaʻo Chardonnay,ʻo Mâmanana e noho ana ma kaʻaoʻao hema o Burgundy. ʻO Pouilly-Fuissé ka inoa kaulana loa ma Malakona, e hāʻawi ana i nā waina keʻokeʻo me ka nui o ka'ōpala a me ka peach, kekahi mau nūnū nūnū a me nā hua mele me ka waiʻona hou.

ʻO Côte de Nuits : Aia ma kaʻaoʻao hema o Dijon a kapaʻia no Nuits-Saint-Georges,ʻo ka Côte de Nuits ka huahana o ka honua,ʻo Pinot Noir a me nā māla waina nui he 20. ʻO nā māla inoa nui o Romanée-Conti, Chambertin, a me Musigny, kahi eʻike pono ai i kekahi mau mea, aia ma ka Côte de Nuits. Aia ka piko o ka laina Burgundian Pinot Noir maʻaneʻi, me nā waina pono i kaʻelemakule no nā makahiki he nui a me nā kumukūʻai e halihali ana i nā heluʻehā a meʻelima no ka crème de la crème.

ʻO Côte de Beaune : Ma kaʻaoʻao hema o Côte de Nuits a me ka hapalua o ka Côte d'Or, hiki i ka Côte de Beaune e hoʻolimalimaʻia he 70/30 puʻupuʻu o ke aho i ke kapa. Eia nō naʻe,ʻo nā waina keʻokeʻo (ʻo ia hoʻi mai nā'ora Chardonnay) e hōʻailona ana i nā kino momona maikaʻi, a me nā meaʻala o ka ululāʻau i uhiʻia e ka'ōmaʻomaʻo a me ka'ōmaʻa maikaʻi. ʻO nā waina mai ka Côte de Beaune e hāʻawi i ka waiwai nui me kaʻole e hōʻole i ka kaʻina kālā. E mālama i nā waina mai Chassagne-Montrachet, Meursault, Pommard, Volnay, a me Puligny-Montrachet.

ʻO ka waina waina a Burgundy.

I ka wā e hele ai me ka hapa waena i nā waina waina Burgundian kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻomaka ka papahana hoʻomohala mahele o ka'āina i kaʻoihana koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka mea nui,ʻehā kūlana papahana kūlana e pili ana i nā inoa e pili ana i nā waina AOC Burgundy: Nā Hōʻuluʻulu Manawaina, nā'Aiwi Kūkākūkā, nā Pelekikena Nui Cru Appels and Grand Cruels Call.

Kahi, kahi, kahi - kahi nui ia i ka hoʻoholoʻana i kahi o nā waina o Burgundy i hāʻule ai ma ka papa helu hoʻohālike. ʻO ka hua'ōlelo "Kāhua" ("Clee-ma") kahi huakaʻi Burgundian e koi ana i ke kuleana nui loa o ka honua e hoʻokani ana ma kahi hōʻike waina o Burgundy.

ʻO kaʻilikai he māhele maikaʻi loa o ka'āina me nāʻano'āina, kūlana, a me nāʻano loiloi. Hiki i ka Lālā ke lilo i māla waina a māhele wale paha.

ʻO nā kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe, nā māla maikaʻi a me nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ka Honua ma kaʻaoʻao Cru Cru me Premier Cru. Nānā nāʻona wahine i nā inoa o ke kauhale (ie Beaune, Chablis, Corton, Gevrey-Chambertin) e hoʻopuni nā māla waina. Maika maikaʻi i kēlā lā i kēia lā, hiki i nā waina inu komo me ka inoa'āina o "Bourgogne" mai nā māla mai ma nā wahi a puni o Burgundy. ʻO ka'ōlelo wale nō,ʻo kaʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka māla waina,ʻo ka maikaʻi o ka waina a me kaʻoihana kiʻekiʻe (ka uku).

Nā Lāina'Apana - E like me keʻano,ʻo ka hoʻohālikelike waina hoʻohālikeʻo ia ke kumu o ka pyramid hoʻohuiʻia o Burgundy, kahi e kokoke ana i 50% o nā waina āpau. Pono eʻikeʻia aia ma kahi waena o nā waina 'āpana a me nā wainaʻona, aia kekahiʻano' āpau 'āpana' ē aʻe i hoʻohālikelikeʻia ma mua o ka moku o Burgundy, akā,ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā mea a pau mai kekahi kauhale. ʻO ka mea nui, inā e hoʻopaʻaʻia kekahi mau'āpana'āpana nui ma muli o kaʻano likeʻole e kapaʻia ai lākou. ʻO Cote de Beaune-Villages kekahi kumu likeʻole, e hōʻike ana i ka waina i hanaʻia mai nā huawaina mai ka hoʻokahi aʻoi aku mau kauhale paha ma kaʻaoʻaoʻo Côte de Beaune.

Nīnau Pinepine - E hōʻailona ana i 38% o ka waina waina a Burgundy,ʻo kēia mau waina ka inoa o kahi kauhale a kauhale paha ma nā inoa (e like me Pommard, Meursault, Mercury, Pouilly-Fuisse), e hōʻike ana i ka uluʻana o nā hua waina ma kahi māla waina. wahi aʻaʻoleʻoluʻolu mai Burgundy a pau. ʻO Pommard kahi inoa kaiāulu eʻike aiʻoe ma kahi o kaʻeleʻele e lepili ai, e kamaʻilio ana ua hoʻopukaʻia nā hua waina mai ke kauhale o Pommard ma ka moku Burgundian o Côte de Beaune.

Kekahi Nui - E piʻi ana i ke alapiʻi hoʻolaha i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o nā waina maikaʻi a Burgundy a me 10% o ka hanaʻanaʻo ia ka inoa inoaʻo Premier Cru. Ma muli o keʻano o ka hua'ōlelo mua, "ʻO ka ulu mua loa,"ʻo ka mua o ka waina i ulu i ka mea liʻiliʻi, ua kuhikuhiʻo AOC a me nā māla waina maikaʻiʻia e hoʻomaopopo i ka weliweli weliweli (i kapaʻiaʻo "Climate" in Burgundy). Hōʻailona pinepine ka inoa i ka inoa o ka "Short Cru" a hiki i ka Premier Cru. He maikaʻi kēia mau waina i ka manawa e hoʻolālā ai, e hoʻomaka pinepine lākou i ka helu $ 60 ma ka hopena haʻahaʻa ae hana maikaʻi i ka helu helu $ 100 + kūpono.

Grand Cru - E koho ana i ka hapa nui o nā hapa waina maikaʻi loa o Burgundy, me kaʻoi aku ma luna o 30 māla waina i kohoʻiaʻo Grand Cru ma ka Côte d'Or, nā waina nui loa. ʻO ka Cruise kaulana loaʻo Burgundy he mea kānaluaʻo Domaine de la Romanée-Conti ka mea hiki ke noi aku i $ 5,000- $ 12,000 no kaʻele ma kahi pūnaewele kūʻai.

Ka moʻolelo waina o Burgundy:

Me nāʻike o nā kumu waina i kanuʻia e nā Celts i mua o ka 200 BC a me nā koa Roma e hōʻiliʻili i nā hua waina e pili ana i ke kenekulia mua, uaʻikeʻiaʻo Burgundy i ka wanaʻao i waiwai nui no ka uluʻana i nā hua waina. Akā, e like me nā wahi waina'Elekania nui i hoʻonuiʻia,ʻo ka Medesval monasteries ia e pono ai i ke kūkala mua no ka mahiʻana i nā māla manuahi o ka'āina ma waena o ka wā waena. ʻO ka ho'āʻoʻana me nā huawaina a me nā'āina'āina, a me kaʻike wikiwikiʻana i ka mana o Burgundy, me ka ikaika nui o ka hoʻokūkū'āina, ua hana nā mōneka Benedictine me Cistercian e hoʻomaopopo a ho'ākāka i nā māla wainaʻoi loa o ka'āina. ʻO kēia mau māla waina kaulana ka mea i lilo i mau waina maikaʻi loa o ka honua. ʻOiaiʻo ka hoʻouluʻana i nāʻano o ka lāʻau a me nā loina,ʻo ka hui pūʻana o nā mōneka Benedictine a me Cistercian e waiho nui ana i nā kahua kahua no kaʻike waina waina o Burgundy.

ʻAʻole hiki ke hiki i ka hoʻokahuli Farani ke kuleana o nā māla waina o Burgundy mai ka halepule mai a me nāʻoihanaʻoihana i nā kānaka i nā'āpana'āina. Ua māhelehele nuiʻia nā māla waina o ka māhele i ka wā i hoʻopiliʻia ai ka'āina Napolean me ka mālamaʻana i nā māla waina ma ka hoʻokumuʻana i kēia'āina hoʻoili'āina a māhele likeʻia i waena o nā hoʻoilina. A hiki i kēia lā, he mea maʻamau ka loaʻaʻana o kekahi māla waina he 120 acres o nā mea kanu ulu he 80, me ka liʻiliʻi o nā lālani waina i lalo o ka mana o kahi mea kanu. Ua hoʻoliloʻia kēia pūnaewele i ka kuleana o ka mea kālepa (ʻo kahi hale i kūʻai i nā waina kīwaina e like me ka pahu e hui pū me nā waina'ē aʻe mai kaʻaoʻao hoʻokahi a iʻole ka inoa inoa) nui loa.

ʻO ke kūʻaiʻana i ka waina waina a Burgundy

E hoʻomanaʻo i kāuʻaʻole e loaʻa iā "Chardonnay" ma ka inoa o kahiʻele waina waina Burgundy, no laila eʻimi anaʻoe i nā inoa'āina o Chardonnay, kahi'āina, mau'āina'āina paha (aka "domains") ma ka'ōmole. ʻO Chabid, Pouilly-Fuisse, Montrachet, Macon-Villages, a me Meursault he mau piʻikuʻi nui loa no ka waina keʻokeʻo i loko o ka'āina ulu'āina o Burgundy. Hoʻopuka pūʻia nā inoa o nā kauhale o Aloxe-Corton, Nuits-Saint-Georges, Pommard, Vougeot, Mercury, Vosne-Romanee, ma kahi o ka'ōmole e hoʻokomo iāʻoe i ke ala pololei no Pinot Noir. ʻO nā wānana'āina me ka "Bourgogne" i nā inoa a pau e kuhikuhiʻia ma ka pepa eʻoi aku ka maʻalahi ma ka putele, a eia ka waina ma waena o ka'āina i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka maikaʻi a me keʻano no ka liʻiliʻi o ke kālā. ʻO nāʻona waina nui a me nā kekake nui mai nā māla waina iʻikeʻia no ka maikaʻi (a me ka palena hana) noi i ka mea nui mai ka poʻe kūʻai e pili ana i ke kālā akāʻo ka'ōlelo hoʻohiki e hoʻihoʻi i ka momona o ka waihona i ka hoihoi.

ʻO ka Best Value Burgundy Mea hoʻohana iā: Bouchard Aine & Fils, Domaine Christian Moreau Pere & Fils, Domaine Faiveley, JJ Vincent, Joseph Drouhin, Louis Jadot, Louis Latour, Olivier Leflaive