ʻOiai ka mea e pili ana i ka waina o ka waina a me ka hoʻoponoponoʻana, e like me kahi pūnaewele hopohopo o nā mea pale a me nā hoʻololi houʻana,ʻaʻole pono e lilo i mea hoʻomaopopo kūlana AOC no kaʻike a no ka hauʻoli i nā waina kaulana o ka'āina. ʻOiaiʻo ka nui o kāuʻike e pili ana i ka hoʻohuiʻana o nā waina i ka maikaʻi o kou loaʻaʻana o nā waina e kūpono i kouʻano maʻamau a me nā palale kūikawā, me nā koi o kēlā me kēia kanaka.
Nā Bordeaux Wine Rules
Ma keʻano laulā, nā'ōlelo waina waina o Bordeaux e'ōlelo i ka mea e ulu ai ka hua waina ma kahi a me pehea (no ka'ōmole, ua pau nā waina AOC i ka maloʻo) a me ka wai o ka waiʻona e hiki ai ke hana (14% ka max). Inā makemakeʻole kekahi e pāʻani i nā rula waina i kohoʻia,ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou keʻoliʻoli i nā pono a me nā pono e hele pū me nā inoa AOC a pono e hoʻoiliʻia i keʻano kūlana o ka "waina waina".
ʻO Chardonnay ,ʻoiai, i ka wā iʻikeʻia, ulu a mahaloʻia ma Burgundyʻaʻole iʻaeʻia ma nā moku AOC o Bordeaux. Inā makemake kekahi i ke kukoʻo Chardonnay a makemake e ho'āʻo me ia ma Bordeaux, ma nāʻano a pau. Eia naʻe, hiki i ke koho waleʻia no ka "papa waina" inoa inoa, me kaʻole o ka maikaʻi, kūlike, a iʻole nā mea'ē aʻe. Inā he hōʻoluʻolu ia, ua hoʻokūpaʻaʻo Farani i nā rula o ka'atila, ka waiū, a me ka paʻakai, no ka mea,ʻaʻole ia he waina e pono ai ke pale aku ma muli o ke kūʻokoʻa i ka hoʻohālike.
Bordeaux Wine Hoʻohālikelike: Nā hua waina vs. Place
ʻAʻole i kapa inoaʻia nā waina a Bordeaux a kūʻaiʻia e varietal akā ma ka terroir. No ka Bordelais i kaʻikeʻana i ka uluʻana o ka hua waina,ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o kaʻikeʻana i nā hua waina. ʻO keʻano ma ka helu, ua hoʻohanaʻia nā hua'ōlelo "bank" a me "āpau kūpono" e nānā ai i kēlāʻaoʻao o ka muliwai,ʻo Gironde, a me kona poʻe hoʻokupuʻo Garonne a me Dordogne, ua ulu nā hua.
Me Carlotʻo ia ka waina i ulana nuiʻia ma Bordeaux, a ma hope o Cabernet Sauvignon a kāpuniʻia me Cabernet Franc, nā kau waina e ulu ana ma kaʻaoʻao'ākau i hana kahiko i nā waina e pili ana me Merlot. ʻO kēia mauʻona waina maikaʻi e piha i ke kākoʻo mai kā Cab Franc, me kekahi Cabernet Sauvignon e hele pū nei i loko o kekahi hui. ʻO ka moʻolelo ma ka pāpū hema e pāʻani i ke kuhi'ē aʻe. ʻO nā waina waina Bordeaux i'ākī mai ka 'ākau hema i mālama i ka hōkū Cabernet Sauvignon i ka laina hoʻomaka me Merlot lāuaʻo Cab Franc e hōʻailona ana i ka laina lua.
ʻOiai he mea maikaʻi a maʻalahi hoʻi ke kāpili i kaʻaoʻao kūponoʻo "Merlot" a haʻalele i ke kapaʻo "Cab,"ʻo Bordeaux i nā hui a me nā hoʻonani maikaʻi i nāʻaoʻaoʻelua. No ka hoʻohuiʻana i ka helu hoʻoweliweli, hiki nā waina o Bordeaux i kahi pūnaewele hōʻano hou. Ma mua i manaʻo e hoʻopuka i ka Bordeaux maikaʻi loa no ka 1855 International Exposition ma Paris, ua noi akuʻo Napoleon III i nā mea kukui e koho i nā waina Medoc no ka hōʻikeʻana i ka nani. Ua hoʻokaʻawaleʻia kēia mau waina e ka maikaʻi a me ke kumukūʻai mai 61 chateaus (60 mai Medoc a me Chateau Haut-Brion mai Graves) a i kēia mau lā ke kū nei ka hoʻolālāʻana, akā ma ka hui pūʻana o kekahi mau papahana hoʻohuihui'ē aʻe.
Ke Huliʻana i ka System Classification System o Bordeaux
ʻO ka inoa kaulana o ka wainaʻo Bordeaux i loaʻa kahi kumu nui me ka hoʻolahaʻana o ka MH 1855 a ua hele i mua e hauʻoli i nā lā hou e pili ana ma muli o nā hana waina e hoʻololi i nā manawa a me nā mea weliweli i kū i ka hōʻoia o ka manawa. Ua kūkuluʻia ka kiʻekiʻe o Bordeaux ma luna o nā inoa kaulana o Margaux, Latour, Lafite-Rothschild, Haut-Brion, a me Mouton-Rothschild,ʻo kēia mau huewa kiʻekiʻe, kaumaha loa i kapaʻiaʻo nā mea kanu mua loa, ua mālamaʻia he kālā kiʻekiʻe, pūnaewele ma hope o nā makahiki. Akā naʻe,ʻo kēia mau mea ulu mua loa, he hua liʻiliʻi wale nō ia o ka waina i huaʻia a hauʻoli iā Bordeaux. ʻOiai ua kūʻai aku nā mea ulu mua loa ma ka $ 1000 + no ka pahu, ke kūʻai nuiʻia ka waina waina o Bordeaux no ka meaʻuʻuku, ma ka $ 10-30, me nā koho kālā i loaʻa ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO kēia mau waina maikaʻiʻole mai Bordeaux mai i kapaʻia he "hale pule."
ʻO ka hoʻolahaʻana o 1855
Hoʻokumu kēia papahana i nā 61 chatiho kiʻekiʻe ma kaʻaoʻao Medoc (hema) o Bordeaux a ua kapaʻiaʻo iaʻo Grand Cru Classé. ʻO ka hoʻolahaʻana o ka makahiki 1855 e hoʻomaka me ka ulu mua, i kapaʻiaʻo "Premier Cru," aʻo ia hoʻi ka crème de la crème ma nā waina waina Palani. ʻO kaʻelima chateaus e kau nei i ka Cruise Premier, mahalo mauʻia he mau mea no ka maikaʻi o nā mea maikaʻi loa mai Bordeaux, e like me ka hoʻolahaʻana i ka makahiki 1855 no ka Hōʻailonaʻo Paris Universal. ʻElima mau hanana mua loa a ua komo lākou i nā'āina o Chateau Margaux, Chateau Latour, Chateau Lafite-Rothschild, Chateau Haut-Brion a me nā makahiki hou (1973) Chateau Mouton-Rothschild.
ʻO ka hoʻolaha hoʻolahaʻana o ka MH 1855 he papa no nā papa mua mua loa (Premier Cru), nā mahele he 14 i kapaʻia heʻelua mau'āina i kapaʻiaʻo ka lua o ka uluʻana, ma hope o nā kumukūʻaiʻekolu (Troisiemes Crus) a me kahi 14 mau chateaus i loko, a laila Nā HuaʻEhā (Quatriemes Crus) e mālama ana i 10 mau chateaus a me ka hope loa o ka paeʻelima (Cinquemes Crus) me 18 mau'āina iʻokiʻokiʻia. ʻO nā Medoc AOC o Pauillac, Margaux, Pessac-Leognan, St. Julien, St. Estephe a me Haut-Medoc e paniʻia nei e kēia Cru Cru Classé chateaus.
ʻO ka Hōʻuluʻulu Hōʻuluʻulu
Ua hoʻomakaʻia kēia pūnaewele hoʻonohonoho waina i ka makahiki 1953, i hoʻoponopono houʻia i ka makahiki 1959, a me nā pahuhopu 16 mau mele no kā lākou mau mele i kāheaʻia a me nā waina keʻokeʻo nani.
ʻO ka Classification o ka Saint-Emilion
ʻO ka hoʻolahaʻana o ka Saint-Emilion i nā heluʻelua AOC, hoʻokahi no Saint-Emilion aʻo kekahi no Saint-Emilion Grand Cru (a ua māhele houʻia i loko o The Grand Cru Classe a me ke kuhina nui Grand Class Class). Ua hoʻomakaʻia kēia mau papahelu ma nā makahiki 1950 a ua nānāʻia nā chateaus i nā makahiki heʻumi.
Kahi Kūkala Bour Bouroisois
ʻOiai ua hiki ke hōʻemi i nā pūnaewele hōʻaina waina o Bordeaux i ka nānā muaʻana, hoʻomaka lākou e komo i kahiʻano likeʻole o ke kūlike me ka Cru Bourgeois Classification, kahi papa inoa hoʻokahi.
Hoʻopili kēia papahana i nā'ōpiliʻo Left Bank iʻole i hoʻokomoʻia i loko o ka Classification of Grand Cru Classites i ka 1855, e hōʻoia ana i nā'āina i loaʻa i kahi papa hana kūpono o ka hana maikaʻi.
Nā Hōʻuluʻulu Kūikawā o Bordeaux
ʻAʻole i heluʻia kēia mau Bordeaux mai kekahi inoa kiko'ī. Ma ka pepa, eʻikeʻoe i nā inoa i koho waleʻiaʻo "Medoc," "Cotes de Blaye" a iʻole "Fronsac." ʻO kēia mau waina, heʻano maikaʻi loa ia no ka paʻakikī paʻakikī Bordeaux.
Nā Wine i kapaʻiaʻo "Bordeaux" a me "Bordeaux Supérieur"
ʻO Bordeaux a me Bordeaux Supérieur nā waina waina o Bordeaux a me ka 50% o nā waina o ka'āina. Hiki i kēia mau waina ke hua i nā huawaina mai ka 'āpana a puni a kūʻai mau aku i kaʻaina waina, me Bordeaux Supérieur i ukuʻia ma ka hopena kiʻekiʻe ma muli o nā hua waina i hoʻouluʻia mai nā ululāʻau kahiko aʻoi. E heluhelu waleʻia ka lepili, "Pelekane Bordeaux Controlee." Malia pahaʻoi aku kaʻoihana kaulana loaʻo Mouton Cadet, kahi kūʻai maikaʻi loa o Bordeaux e kūʻai pāʻani ana i kahi $ 8 o ka'ōmole.
Ka Apana o Pomerol
Me ka'ōnahu o ka ea, ua pale kaʻaoʻao o Bordeaux o Pomerol i ke kaʻina hana hoʻopili. E kuhikuhi wale ana nā inoa waina i ka "Pelekane Pomerol Controlée." ʻO Merlot keʻano o ka varietal hua waina nui loa o ka'āina,ʻo ia hoʻi ka waina i nā mea'opiʻo māmā, nā hua o ka hua mua a ua makaukau e hauʻoli ma mua o ko lākou mau hoahānauʻo Kāpena. ʻO Pomerol ka wahi waina waina loa o Bordeaux, me ka hanaʻana iʻoi aku ma luna o 5 miliona mauʻeke. ʻO ka hale kaulana loaʻo Pomerolʻo Chateau Petrus, ka mea nāna i hana i kekahi o nā wainaʻulaʻula maikaʻi loa o Bordeaux.
ʻO ka hua lalo ma Bordeaux Wine Classifications
ʻOiaiʻo ka hoʻokeleʻana i ka papahana hoʻohālike waina o Bordeaux,ʻaʻole ia no ka nawaliwali o ka puʻuwai,ʻo ka loaʻaʻana o kaʻike maʻalahi i ka maʻaʻana o ka Bordelais ma o nā waina ma ko lākou kino pono'ī e hōʻemi i ka kūʻaiʻana i nā palena a me nā manaʻo hōʻailona kūʻai. E hoʻomanaʻo i ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana o nā hoʻohālikelike i kahi o 3% o ka māka waina ma Bordeaux, ka mea e pili ana i ke kiʻi o Bordeaux ma ka mana nui, akā,ʻaʻoleʻo ia he hōʻoiaʻiʻo maoli no kaʻono, nāʻaina waina Bordeaux eʻai mauʻia e nā Bordelais i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike waina he wahiʻokoʻa wale nō ia o ka puzzle,ʻaʻole lākou he mea koʻikoʻi no kaʻike a me ka hauʻoli i nā waina waina Bordeaux .