Kale, "Grünkohl" ma Kelemānia ( Brassica oleracea convar. Acéphala var sab sabone , heʻano kāpenaʻaʻole ia he poʻo. ʻo "Federkohl".
I ka mea i ulu muaʻia e nā Helene a me nā Roma, ua liloʻo Kale i meaʻai nui i Germany ma ka wā waena. Ua hāʻawiʻo ia i ka meaʻai C i ka hoʻoilo a hiki i ka heluna laulā, he paʻakikī e ulu a ma ke anu anuanu ma kahi o 10 ° F (-15 ° C).
Ua kanuʻia i loko o Iune, hiki ke hōʻiliʻiliʻia i ka hoʻoilo, maiʻOkakopa aʻApelila. ʻO ke anuanu o ke anuanu e hoʻonui ai i kāna meaʻai.
Ka moʻolelo o Kale ma Kelemānia
ʻOiaiʻo "Grünkohl" kahiʻai waiwai a ke kanaka waiwai i nā manawa Roma, a laila, heʻai ka meaʻilihune no kekahi manawa, ua liloʻo ia i meaʻai haleʻai maʻamau i nā makahiki i hala iho nei. Ma ka Northern Germany, "Loaʻa kahi" like "e like me keʻano pilikino ma" Grün- "aiʻole" Braunkohl ". Uaʻikeʻiaʻo iaʻo "Blätterkohl," "Krauskohl," "Fedekohl," "Winterkohl," "geschlitzter Kohl" a me "friesische-" a "Oldenburger Palme" (kāpena pepa, a me Frisian a me Oldenburger lāʻau pama).
Ma Bremen, akā ma nā wahi he nui loa o Lower Saxony (Hannover a Braunschweig), uaʻike nuiʻiaʻo "Grünkohl"ʻo "Braunkohl." ʻEkolu kumu kūpono no kēia. ʻO ka mea mua, aia i ka wa e kuke aiʻo ia, hoʻololiʻia heʻanoʻeleʻele. ʻO ka lua,ʻaʻoleʻoe eʻohi i ka iʻa a hiki i ka'ōʻana o nā lau i waho.
ʻO ke kolu o ka kumu,ʻo ia kaʻaʻahu o kaʻulaʻula i kekahi kale i ka'onaʻomaʻo.
E hakakā anaʻo Bremen a me Oldenburg i kēlā me kēia makahiki e pili ana i ka nui o ka "specialty" "Grünkohl" ("Braunkohl") i kekahi o lākou ma mua o kekahi. ʻO Bremen ka moʻokūʻauhau hope loa. Mai ka makahiki 1545, ua mālama lākou i ka "Grünkohlessen".
Ma Hereford (North Rhine-Westphalia) kale i hoʻohanaʻia e kāhiko i ka halepuleʻo Radewig ma kahi o ka lālā pine i kaʻelua o ka wiki o ka hiki mai. Ua make kekahi kahu hoʻomalu i 1590 AD a ua haʻalele i kāna waiwai i ka hale pule, akā ua noiʻo ia e mālamaʻia i kaʻahaʻaina kau me ka Mass, mele a me kahiʻaina ahiahi.
Grünkohlessen - Pehea ka Kale Dinner Party
Ma Lower Saxony,ʻo ka kale i maʻa pinepineʻia me ka bacon , ka German Kasseler (ham) a me "Pinkel" a "Bregenwurst". ʻO Pinkel kahiʻano o ka lole i hoʻohanaʻia me Kale. Loaʻa i ka puaʻa bale, ka palaoa bale, ka ihu o ka pipi, ka nikoa puaʻa, aniani, ka paʻakai, ka pepa, a me nā'āpana. Hiki ke hua'ōlelo "Pinkel" mai ka'ōlelo Pelekane Platte no ka'ōpū o ka bipi, i hoʻohanaʻia e like me nā mea. "Bregenwurst", 'o ia hoʻi, ka'anikena lolo,ʻoiaiʻaʻole kēia manawa i hoʻohanaʻia i ka lolo pipi i ka lole. ʻO ia nō ka puaʻa, ka'ōpū puaʻa, nā aniani, ka paʻakai a me ka pepa. Hiki ke puhi a puhi 'ia paha i nā' ano o ka sousa. Ke kauʻia ma luna o ka kale i ke wela, pinepineʻia lākou i ka'ioka e hoʻokuʻu i kaʻai i loko o nā mea kanu.
Hoʻohanaʻia kekahiʻano o ka hausa i waho o Lower Saxony. Hanaʻiaʻo West Phalia i ka "Mettwurst" he puana maikaʻi aʻo ka'āpana palaoa nui (akāʻaʻole ka puaʻa) , a me "Kohlwurst," he puluma a me ka puaʻa, he mea i puhiʻia me ka hua makeke, allspice, thyme, marjoram, a me kaʻaila. maikaʻi loa ka'ōpū puaʻa.
ʻO Southern Germany a meʻAsuriaʻaʻole lākou i kā lākouʻoihana waiwai nui a me nāʻano kuʻuna. He nui nā kānaka e makemake e hoʻohui i "Kochwurst," he hua'ōlelo nui no ka hausaʻi i hanaʻia mai nā mea i hana muaʻia.
Hoʻopiliʻia ka mea kanu no hoʻokahi hola aʻoi aʻe paha,ʻo nāʻanoʻanoʻekolu (bacon, ham, a me ka sausage) e kauʻia ma luna a ua kauʻia kaʻaina awakea no ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka nui o ka manawa e like me kaʻohana a me ka'āina. ʻO ka "Eintopf" aiʻole hoʻokahi pāʻina meaʻai i hoʻolakoʻia me ka ualaʻuala aʻo kekahi poʻe e koi i nāʻuala,ʻo ia hoʻi nāʻuala māla e kāluaʻia, eʻokiʻia aʻokiʻokiʻia i loko o nā'āpana, a laila i'ōpalaʻia i ka pata a me ke kōpaʻa, a hiki i ka pukaʻana o waho.
"Kohlfahrt"
ʻO Kohlfahrt ka huakaʻi hele kaʻawale i ka'āina i ka wā kaumaha, hanaʻia kaʻaina awakea a hoʻokaniʻia nā pāʻani "pāʻani", ma muli o ka mana o ka waiʻona.
ʻOiai, i ka wā ma hope koke iho nei, he helehelena kāne kēia, a no kaʻoihana kālepa wale nō. E hoʻomaka ana i nā makahiki 1800 me ka hana hana, hoʻomāhuahuaʻia ka nui o ka "Kohlfahrten". ʻAʻole i komo nā wāhine i kēia mau huakaʻi a hiki i nā makahiki 1920 a me 30,ʻaʻole iʻikeʻia he maikaʻi.
"Boßeln" a me "Klootschießen" kekahi mauʻona like like me nā mea e hoʻokaniʻia ana e hele ana ma ke kula. Hiki iāʻoe ke wehewehe iā "Boßeln"ʻo Bocce kahi lōʻihi, he pāʻani hōʻailona hōʻailona Italia. Hoʻokumu nā mea pāʻani i kahi'ōkuhi ma ke ala e hele nei lākou a hoʻokuʻu i ka'ōpoe i kahi. ʻO ka mea mua a iʻole ka hui e loaʻa ka pōlele i loko o nā lanakila lanakila. I kekahi manawa ua lanakila ia ma ke kauʻana i kahi lōʻihi loa. Nui nāʻano hoʻohālike likeʻole o kēia mau pāʻani, ma nā māla aiʻole i nā alanui pa.
Hiki i nā pāʻani o loko ke komo pū me "Schweinerei" (Pass the Pigs) a me nāʻaʻahu'ē aʻe a me nā pāʻani. I ka wā o "Grünkohlfahrt" ua kau aliʻiʻia kekahi mō'ī a mō'ī paha. Ke kohoʻia ka mea lanakila ma ka 1) he pāʻina kaulana, 2) pehea ka nui o ke kālā i loaʻa i ka wāʻai, a iʻole 3) i (paha paha) i lanakila i nā pāʻani i ka wā holo. Ua mālama malūʻia nā kulekele piha no ka lanakilaʻana aʻaʻole e pono ke hāpaiʻia. Hiki ke hoʻonaniʻia ke aliʻi ma ka liloʻana i hope loa ma ka papaʻaina. ʻO ka mea lanakila i ke poʻo, aia ia ma luna o ka hoʻolālāʻana i ka huakaʻi hele i ka makahiki e hiki mai ana.
Ma kekahi mau wahi o Kelemānia, kahi i mahiʻia ai ka nui o Kale,ʻo ka "Kohlkönig" (kā'ī kāpena) he hanohano āpau āpau. Ua lanakila nā mākaʻi i ka hanohano,ʻo Helmut Kohl i Bonn 1984,ʻo Otto Schilly i ka makahiki 1999 ma Berlin a me Guido Westerwelle i ka 46 "Grünkohlkönig" ma Oldenburg.
Ke kūʻai no Kale
I ka kūʻaiʻana i ka kale, e hoʻomaopopo i ka'ōuliuli o nā lau i ka viole (kokoke i kaʻeleʻele), ke nānā, ākea aʻaʻole nui. Pono lākou e noʻonoʻo aʻaʻohe o lākou mau kiko.
Liloʻo Kale
No ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka'ōniu hou, e hoʻokuʻu i kahi mau minuke i ka wai me ka waina hou. Hiki ke kōkua i ka weheʻana i ka lepo a me kekahi mauʻupena i hiki ke hoʻopiliʻia. E wehe i nā'ōpū aʻokiʻoki i nā lau i loko o nā huapalapala (e like me kahi lole ) a iʻole nā'āpana liʻiliʻi. Hoʻohana i ka'ōpala, i nā meli, ka mahuka e like me kahi'āpanaʻaoʻao wikiwiki, aiʻokiʻia no kahi lōʻihi o ka manawa ma nā mea hoʻomanaʻo German.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka kukeʻana iā ia,ʻo kaʻoi aku ka'alala e like me ka sulfur e like me nā hua'ōpiopio. ʻO kēia no ka hanaʻana i ka hoʻoheheʻeʻana i nā mole lepo sulfur mai nā mea likeʻole. Hoʻokipa kekahi poʻe i kaʻala,ʻaʻole e hoʻohana kekahi i kekahi.
Mālama maikaʻiʻia ka'ōniʻa me ka puaʻa a me nā meaʻai i puhiʻia. I loko o nā mea Kelemānia, ua hoʻolimalimaʻia i ka paila,ʻo ka mīmakai, ka paʻakai, a me ke kō. I kekahi manawa, hoʻonuiʻia nā meaʻai a pauʻole.
ʻO Kale Storage
E holoi i ka kale, e hoʻomaloʻo a waiho i loko o ka pahu huaʻai i loko o kāu friua no kekahi mau lā. Eʻikeʻoe i ka lōʻihi o kou mālamaʻana i ia mea,ʻo ka nui o nā huaʻai e nalowale ana a me nā loli o kaʻikeʻana.
Pale Kale
ʻO Blanch i ka wai paʻakai no 2 mau minuke. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi ma mua o ka hoʻoukaʻana a me ka hauʻi.
He kiʻekiʻeʻo Kale ma nā huaora A a me C a me B6. Loaʻa iā ia ka hao, phosphorus, potassium a he kiʻekiʻe loa i ka calcium. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, he pālua ka calcium ma mua o ka waiū, he auneke no kēlā me kēia oun
Aʻike pūʻia me: Kale, Brassica oleracea convar. acethala var. ka pīpī kāpena, ka kāpena kāpī, ka kāpili kulika a me ka lāʻau Peretania a me Oldenburger), Braunkohl