Kahi Kūlohelohe o ka Hoʻomākaukau Meaʻai

ʻO ka meaʻai, ma keʻano, hiki ke pala. Me kaʻole o ka hanaʻana, hiki i ka meaʻai ka hopena i ka ikaika o ke kino,ʻo ia ka huamēmē, ka mea hū, a me ka hakina, a hoʻomaka e hoʻohaʻahaʻa. ʻO nā hopena o ka spoilage meaʻaiʻaʻole makemake waleʻia, akā, hiki i nā mea hoʻohālike o ka spoilage ke hana i nā meaʻai i nā meaʻai a iʻole i ka make.

No nā makahiki he mau makahiki, ua hoʻohana nā kānaka i nāʻano likeʻole e hoʻolōʻihi ai i ka mahana hou a me ka palekana o kā lākou meaʻai e hoʻomaha ai i kā lākou lako meaʻai.

ʻOiai kekahi o kēia mauʻano hou, he nui ka hapa o lākou i ka wā kahiko. Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā kaʻina hana a hele mai e hoʻomaopopo pono i nāʻano, akā, e mau ana nā manaʻo manaʻo i kēia mau lā. Eia kekahi mauʻano maʻamau o ka mālamaʻana i ka meaʻai:

• Ka Hoʻohui a me ke Kikikī - Ua ulu maikaʻi ka paio a me ka mea hū ma nāʻano kūpono maʻamau, ma waena o 40-140ºF. Ma ka hoʻohaʻahaʻaʻana i ka mahana ma lalo o 40ºF i ka lohi nui o kā lākou hana hana a me ka hānau. ʻOiaiʻaʻole kēia e pepehi i ka huakē a me ka hū, e ho'ēmi i ka hana hoʻopili. ʻOiai ua hoʻohanaʻia ka meaʻona i ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā mea iʻoi aku ka māmā i nā haneli mau makahiki,ʻo ka hoʻonuiʻia o ka uila a me nā mea hana hale ma ka mua a me ka waenakonu o ka 20 i ka nui i hoʻonui i ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka hauʻona e like me keʻano mālama mālama.
• Canning - Canning mālama i ka meaʻai ma ka weheʻana i ka oxygen e pono ai no ka nui o nāʻano meaʻai e ulu. Ma muli o ka hikiʻole i kekahi o nā meaola ke ulu i ka loaʻaʻole o ka oxygen, hui pūʻia ka canning me kekahi kumuʻelua e kāohi ai i ka ulu microbial, e like me ka waika a me ka paʻakai (e like me keʻano o ka brine). Ua liloʻo Canning i kahiʻano laulima no ka mālamaʻana i nā meaʻai me ka'ōuli ahupuaʻa a ua kaulana loa i kēia mau lā.

• Dehydrating -ʻO ka nui o nā microorganisms ka mea e pono ai ka māla e ulu, no laila,ʻo ka hoʻokuʻuʻana i ka meaʻai mai ka meaʻai, he mea ia e pono ai ke mālama. ʻO ke kī o ka waiʻana,ʻo ia ke hoʻopau i ke kaʻina wikiwiki ma mua o ka hoʻopiliʻana. Hoʻoponopono pinepineʻia ka hoʻopiliʻana me ka hoʻonuiʻana o ka mahana wela, i kekahi manawa i hoʻolakoʻia e ka lā o ka lā. ʻO ka bonus o ka lā ka lālā o nā kukui ultra viola, aʻo ia hoʻi ka mea e pepehi ai i nā'ōpū. ʻO nā'ōnaehana hou no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana i kaʻenehana i hoʻonāukiukiʻia e lawa ai ka hoʻonāukiuki me ka "kuke" i ka meaʻai. ʻO ka'aleʻaʻanaʻo ia keʻano o ka mālamaʻana i nā meaʻai no nā meaʻai, nā hua maloʻo, a me nāʻili o nā hua manu, a me nā mea kanu.

• Māmā -ʻO ka hōʻailona kekahiʻano hana hoʻomalu kahiko o ka mālamaʻana i nā mea i mālamaʻia a hiki i kēia lā. ʻO ka mea iʻike nuiʻia e pili ana i ka lono maʻamau i uluʻia ma waena o ka palaʻai. ʻO ka hōʻailona iho heʻano ia o kaʻaiʻana i nā meaʻai, akā, i ka mālamaʻana i nā microorgan, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā mea e pono ai a mālama i nā pale e kū'ē i nā lāʻauʻeleʻele. ʻO ka huakī a me ka hūpē i hoʻohanaʻia i ka hana fermentation huakiʻi ka meaʻono e like me ke kumu hopena, kahi hana e pale ai i nā mea'ē aʻe'ē aʻe, mai kinohi mai. Ma keʻano he bonus,ʻo nā meaola he nui i hoʻohanaʻia i nā meaʻai momona, he mau hōʻailona maikaʻi nō hoʻi ia i ka māla maoli o ka māhele o ka maʻi kanaka. ʻO nā sauerkraut a me kimchi nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka fermentation e mālama i ka kāpena.
• ʻO ka Salting - mālama i ka meaʻai ma ka hoʻohemoʻana i ka wai a me ka hanaʻana i kahi nohona kūponoʻole no ka uluʻana o ka microbial. ʻO nā kinona he nui loa i ulu i nā paʻakai paʻakai, pēlā e hoʻonui ai i ka nui o ka paʻakai kahi hiki ke hana pono. ʻO ka ulana kekahi o nā mea iʻike mua loaʻia no ka mālamaʻana i nā meaʻai. Ua loaʻa nā paʻakai o nā kai iʻa nui ma ka Moana Pākīpika i ka wā kahiko a ua hoʻohanaʻia no ka mālamaʻana i nā iʻa, nā iʻa, nā huaʻai, a me nā hua . ʻO ka nui o ka paʻakai wale nō e pono ai ka mālamaʻana i nā meaʻai he kiʻekiʻe loa a no laila hikiʻole ke hoʻohanaʻia. No laila, ua hoʻohana pinepineʻia ka paʻakai e like me kekahiʻano'ē aʻe, e like me ka waiʻonaʻana a iʻole ka hopena waika, no ka mālamaʻana i ka meaʻai. ʻO keʻano o nā meaʻai paʻakai i mālamaʻia i ka paʻakai,ʻo ia hoʻiʻo ka paʻakikī paʻakikī, kaʻiʻo kalo, kaʻiʻo paʻakai, ka iʻa lawaiʻa, nā heleuma, kaʻoliva, ka piʻi, a mālamaʻia nā lemona.